Operators in C

An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical functions. C language is rich in built-in operators and provides the following types of operators −

• Arithmetic Operators
• Relational Operators
• Logical Operators
• Bitwise Operators
• Assignment Operators
• Misc Operators

Arithmetic Operators

These are used to perform mathematical calculations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and modulus

Code:

#include <stdio.h>

main() {

   int a = 21;

   int b = 10;

   int c ;

   c = a + b;(ADDITION)

   printf("Line 1 - Value of c is %d\n", c );

   c = a - b;(SUBTRACTION)

   printf("Line 2 - Value of c is %d\n", c );

   c = a * b;(MULTIPLICATION)

   printf("Line 3 - Value of c is %d\n", c );

   c = a / b;(DIVIDE)

   printf("Line 4 - Value of c is %d\n", c );

   c = a % b;(REMAINDER)

   printf("Line 5 - Value of c is %d\n", c );

   c = a++; (INCREMENT)

   printf("Line 6 - Value of c is %d\n", c );

   c = a--; (DECREMENT)

   printf("Line 7 - Value of c is %d\n", c );

}

⇒C Complier to run Above code:https://goo.gl/bzuHcQ

Relational Operators

These operators are used to compare the value of two variables.

Operators With Example/Description

>

x > y (x is greater than y)

<

x < y (x is less than y)

>=

x >= y (x is greater than or equal to y)

<=

x <= y (x is less than or equal to y)

==

x == y (x is equal to y)

!=

x != y (x is not equal to y)

Code:

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

   int m=40,n=20;

   if (m == n)(Equal)

   {

       printf("m and n are equal");

   }

   else

   {

       printf("m and n are not equal");

   }

}

⇒C Complier to run Above code:https://goo.gl/bzuHcQ

Logical Operators

These operators are used to perform logical operations on the given expressions.

Operators  with Example/Description

&& (logical AND)

(x>5)&&(y<5)

It returns true when both conditions are true

|| (logical OR)

(x>=10)||(y>=10)

It returns true when at-least one of the condition is true

! (logical NOT)

!((x>5)&&(y<5))

It reverses the state of the operand “((x>5) && (y<5))”

If “((x>5) && (y<5))” is true, logical NOT operator makes it false

Code:

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

   int m=40,n=20;

   int o=20,p=30;

   if (m>n && m !=0)

   {

      printf("&& Operator : Both conditions are true\n");

   }

   if (o>p || p!=20)

   {

      printf("|| Operator : Only one condition is true\n");

   }

   if (!(m>n && m !=0))

   {

      printf("! Operator : Both conditions are true\n");

   }

   else

   {

      printf("! Operator : Both conditions are true. " \

      "But, status is inverted as false\n");

   }

}

⇒C Complier to run Above code:https://goo.gl/bzuHcQ

Bitwise Operators

These operators are used to perform bit operations on given two variables.

 Decimal values are converted into binary values which are the sequence of bits and bit wise operators work on these bits.

TRUTH TABLE FOR BIT WISE OPERATION & BIT WISE OPERATORS:

Assume A = 60 and B = 13 in binary format, they will be as follows −

A = 0011 1100

B = 0000 1101

-----------------

A&B = 0000 1100

A|B = 0011 1101

A^B = 0011 0001

~A = 1100 0011

Assignment Operators

Operator	Description	Example
=	Simple assignment operator. Assigns values from right side operands to left side operand	C = A + B will assign the value of A + B to C
+=	Add AND assignment operator. It adds the right operand to the left operand and assign the result to the left operand.	C += A is equivalent to C = C + A
-=	Subtract AND assignment operator. It subtracts the right operand from the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand.	C -= A is equivalent to C = C - A
*=	Multiply AND assignment operator. It multiplies the right operand with the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand.	C *= A is equivalent to C = C * A
/=	Divide AND assignment operator. It divides the left operand with the right operand and assigns the result to the left operand.	C /= A is equivalent to C = C / A
%=	Modulus AND assignment operator. It takes modulus using two operands and assigns the result to the left operand.	C %= A is equivalent to C = C % A
<<=	Left shift AND assignment operator.	C <<= 2 is same as C = C << 2
>>=	Right shift AND assignment operator.	C >>= 2 is same as C = C >> 2
&=	Bitwise AND assignment operator.	C &= 2 is same as C = C & 2
^=	Bitwise exclusive OR and assignment operator.	C ^= 2 is same as C = C ^ 2
|=	Bitwise inclusive OR and assignment operator.	C |= 2 is same as C = C | 2

Code:

#include <stdio.h>

main() {

   int a = 21;

   int c ;

   c =  a;

   printf("Line 1 - =  Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c +=  a;

   printf("Line 2 - += Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c -=  a;

   printf("Line 3 - -= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c *=  a;

   printf("Line 4 - *= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c /=  a;

   printf("Line 5 - /= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c  = 200;

   c %=  a;

   printf("Line 6 - %= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c <<=  2;

   printf("Line 7 - <<= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c >>=  2;

   printf("Line 8 - >>= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c &=  2;

   printf("Line 9 - &= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c ^=  2;

   printf("Line 10 - ^= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

   c |=  2;

   printf("Line 11 - |= Operator Example, Value of c = %d\n", c );

}

⇒C Complier to run Above code:https://goo.gl/bzuHcQ

Misc Operators ↦ sizeof & ternary

Operators	Description
&	This is used to get the address of the variable. Example : &a will give address of a.
*	This is used as pointer to a variable. Example : * a  where, * is pointer to the variable a.
Sizeof ()	This gives the size of the variable. Example : size of (char) will give us 1.

Code:

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

int *ptr, q;

q = 50;

/* address of q is assigned to ptr */

ptr = &q;

/* display q's value using ptr variable */

printf("%d", *ptr);

return 0;

}

⇒C Complier to run Above code:https://goo.gl/bzuHcQ

NOTE:->In this program, “&” symbol is used to get the address of the variable and “*” symbol is used to get the value of the variable that the pointer is pointing to.